To research market, fitness reputation, and you can comorbidity differences between schizophrenia caregivers, and you may low-caregiver control, and you may ranging from schizophrenia caregivers, and other caregivers, bivariate analyses had been performed.
Covariates detailed significantly more than (demographics and you may wellness features) have been registered into the just one logistic regression design to help you predict getting proper care so you can an adult diligent that have schizophrenia versus. not taking care. Other independent logistic regression design is go to assume providing worry in order to a grownup datingranking.net/bdsm-sites/ patient with schizophrenia compared to. those providing maintain people that have an ailment besides schizophrenia. Schizophrenia caregivers had been matched up to help you low-caregiver or any other caregiver respondents for the inclination get utilizing the “greedy” complimentary formula . A-1:2 coordinating ratio was then followed, for every single schizophrenia caregiver was coordinated to several non-caregiver manage respondents and you will by themselves to a couple caregivers from most other conditions. Post-suits, differences when considering these types of teams was in fact lso are-examined to ensure adequate coordinating. As well as, the latest complimentary is limited to make sure that all matches was indeed within this for each and every 5EU nation.
Differences on HRQoL, and self-reported comorbidities were examined post-matching to quantify the burden of schizophrenia caregiving as a function of humanistic outcomes. Chi-square and ANOVA tests were used to test for statistical differences across i) those providing care for an adult relative with schizophrenia vs. those not providing care for an adult relative and ii) those providing care for an adult relative with schizophrenia vs. those providing care for an adult relative with a condition other than schizophrenia. Statistical significance was set at 2-tailed p <0.05.
Abilities
All in all, 398 schizophrenia caregivers, 158,989 non-caregivers regulation and fourteen,341 caregivers from most other conditions was understood thru 5EU NHWS across the 2010, 2011 and you can 2013. In this complete try out of 173,728 grownups along the 5EU, twenty five.4 % was indeed for the France, 25.step three % when you look at the Germany, 25.six % in the uk, 14.0 % in Italy, and you will nine.6 % in Spain.
Schizophrenia caregivers compared to. non-caregivers
The average age of schizophrenia caregivers was 45.3 years (SD = 15.8 years), 59.6 % were female, 52.5 % were currently employed, and 14.8 % reported an income of ? ˆ50,000/??40,000. Before matching, schizophrenia caregivers compared with non-caregivers, were more likely to be female (59.6 % vs. 51.4 %), less likely to be married/living with partner (57.4 % vs. 62.8 %), reported lower annual household income, were less likely to be employed (52.5 % vs. 57.7 %), more likely to currently smoke (36.7 % vs. 26.1 %), and reported greater comorbidity burden via the CCI, all p <0.05. No statistically significant differences on age, education level, BMI, alcohol use, and exercise behaviors were found between the two groups (see Table 1).
After propensity matching, schizophrenia caregivers were more likely to report experiencing sleep difficulties (42.7 % vs. 28.5 %), insomnia (32.4 % vs. 18.5 %), pain (39.7 % vs. 30.4 %), headaches (48.0 % vs. 42.0 %), heartburn (31.7 % vs. 22.9 %), anxiety (37.9 % vs. 23.6 %), and depression (29.4 % vs. 19.4 %) in the past 12 months than non-caregivers, all p <0.05. Based on the PHQ-9, schizophrenia caregivers reported greater severity of depressive symptoms than non-caregivers (p <0.001). Schizophrenia caregivers were also more likely to currently be using a prescription medication to treat depression (17.6 % vs. 8.2 %, p <0.001) than non-caregiver controls. Schizophrenia caregivers reported significantly lower MCS (40.3 vs. 45.9), PCS (46.8 vs. 49.0), and health utility (0.64 vs. 0.71), compared with non-caregivers (all p <0.001) (see Table 2).
Schizophrenia against. other caregivers
Before propensity matching, schizophrenia caregivers compared with caregivers of other conditions, were younger (45.3 vs. 49.1 years), less likely to be married/living with a partner (57.4 % vs. 68.1 %), had lower annual household income, were more likely to currently smoke (36.7 % vs. 29.2 %), and reported greater comorbidity burden, all p <0.05. No statistically significant differences on gender, education level, employment status, BMI, alcohol use, and exercise behaviors were found between the two groups (see Table 3).